What are the “Hot” Research Topics and Questions in Criminology/Criminal Justice?

by Jeffrey Ian Ross, Ph.D.

Periodically students ask me what I consider to be the “hot topics” in Criminology/Criminal Justice. Although I understand their curiosity, and attempts to be strategic, I always ask them what do they mean by “hot topics” and why they believe focusing on these will benefit them.

Most students are looking for research ideas for their master’s thesis or doctoral dissertations, hoping that by focusing on these subjects, they will open up more doors for themselves. For master’s students, a good topic can help them transition to a top PhD program. For doctoral students, it can mean securing an academic job in a great university or a position in a respectable criminal justice agency.

However, there are several reasons why chasing hot topics might be ill-advised:

• Relevance Over Time: By the time you complete your research, the topic might no longer be “hot.”
• Research Quality: Focusing on a popular subject doesn’t guarantee quality research nor scholarship.
• Supervisor Expertise: Your supervisors might not have the expertise to guide you effectively.
• Sustained Interest: You need to stay interested in the topic throughout your research.

Instead of solely focusing on current trends, consider the following strategies:

Enduring Questions: Choose enduring questions and problems within the field, such as gun control, youth violence, and prison overcrowding. These issues remain relevant and impactful.

Distinguish Topics and Questions: Understand the difference between broad topics (e.g., police use of force) and specific research questions (e.g., what factors lead to correctional officer deviance?).

Innovative Solutions: Think of innovative solutions to longstanding problems (e.g., new protocols, technology, etc.). This approach not only makes your research relevant but also increases your marketability to potential employers.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, research on the virus’s impact on the criminal justice system was heavily funded. In contrast, enduring questions like the causes of youth violence remain relevant regardless of trends. Ultimately, while it’s useful to be aware of trending topics, focusing on innovative solutions to longstanding issues will sustain your interest and make your research impactful and relevant in the long run.

Photo Credit

Title: Fire

Photographer: liz west